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The Palace of the Soviets ((ロシア語:Дворец Советов), ''Dvorets Sovetov'') was a project to construct an administrative center and a congress hall in Moscow, Russia, near the Kremlin, on the site of the demolished Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The architectural contest for the Palace of the Soviets (1931–1933) was won by Boris Iofan's neoclassical concept, subsequently revised by Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Gelfreikh into a skyscraper. If built, it would have become the world's tallest structure of its time. Construction started in 1937, and was terminated by the German invasion in 1941. In 1941–1942, its steel frame was disassembled for use in fortifications and bridges. Construction was never resumed. In 1958, the foundations of the Palace were converted into what would become the world's largest open-air swimming pool, the Moskva Pool. The Cathedral was rebuilt in 1995–2000.〔Russian: Cathedral of Christ the Savior, official site (History page )〕 A nearby subway station, built in 1935 as ''Palace of the Soviets'' station, was renamed Kropotkinskaya in 1957. ==History of the concept== The Congress of Soviets officially established the Soviet Union in December 1922. Sergey Kirov, speaking at the Congress, proposed building a congress palace "on the sites of palaces once owned by bankers, landlords, and tsars". Very soon, Kirov said, existing halls would be too small to fit the delegates from new republics of the Union. The palace "will be just another push for the European proletariat, still dormant...to realize that we came for good and forever, that the ideas... of communism are as deeply rooted here as the wells drilled by Baku oilers".〔Russian: Kirov's speech transcript, December 30, 1922 (Moscow Museum of Architecture, www.muar.ru ) quoting 1957 official edition〕 In 1924 the death of Vladimir Lenin and the construction of the temporary Lenin's Mausoleum resulted in a national campaign to build Lenin memorials across the country. Victor Balikhin, a graduate student at Vkhutemas, proposed to install Lenin's memorial on top of a Comintern building, on the site of Christ the Savior Cathedral. "Arc lamps will flood the villages, towns, parks and squares, calling everyone to honor Lenin even at night..."〔 Russian: Extract from Balikhin's article, (www.artchronica.ru, May 2002 ) 〕 Balikhin's concept, forgotten for a while, emerged later in Boris Iofan's design. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Palace of the Soviets」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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